Patrick Henry was an 18th Century American
statesman, patriot, orator and a revolutionary. His strong stand against
England’s King George III caused him to be accused of treason on both sides of
the water.
Near the end of his 21-year marriage to Sarah (Sally)
Shelton, he became his wife’s secret guardian and caretaker. Sally, the name
she preferred, suffered from an unexplained dementia that took away her
physical and mental abilities during the last three years of her life. She didn’t
recognize Henry or any of their six children as the disease progressed. The
dementia made her violent and a danger to everyone. Henry feared she would harm
him and their children.
Henry kept Sally in a furnished apartment in the basement of
their home. No one besides Henry and a slave caretaker knew she lived in the
converted cellar. Her erratic behavior
during the early stages of the disease made Henry’s cover story that she died
believable.
Some scholars speculate that Henry locked his wife away to
spare her the physical abuse of a mental institution. In the 1700's, mental
patients were routinely beaten and otherwise harmed by staff members of
so-called sanitarians. Historians also suggest Henry was ashamed of Sally and
kept her isolated because he wanted to avoid the stigma of mental illness in
the family.
Henry’s wife died in 1775. Sally was only 37 years old. She
likely starved herself to death. The disease devastated all her mental
functions, and she stopped eating.
Only a few weeks later, Patrick Henry made an historical
speech when he addressed the Second Continental Congress on March 23,
1775. He spoke against the Stamp Tax
enacted by the English King. In effect, the tax affected every document used in
what England called The Colonies. The tax was designed to provide funds for
England to use in defending parts of America.
Many of his contemporaries accused him of treason, because
he suggested rebellion against the British presence in America. It seems
contrary to our impression of the patriots who founded our country to call
Henry a traitor. We need to remember that many of the men who became the
signers of the Declaration of Independence still considered themselves
Englishmen.
During that stirring speech, Henry spoke the well- known
phrase—Give me liberty or give me death.
Actually, there has been some doubt whether he said it.
Henry’s speech against England was so compelling that the Secretary of the
House stopped taking notes and sat overwhelmed by the orator’s words. No
written document gives us a copy of his rousing speech. However, the famous
seven words were repeated often by many people who heard them. It’s likely that
Henry did say them. He must have memorized outlines and key words for his
speeches. He never used written copies or notes.
Patrick Henry used his speaking skills often during his
career as a lawyer and three-time governor of Virginia. Accounts from that time
describe the effective way Henry used his voice. Historical documents quote
people who comment on the enjoyment of listening to him speak. His oratory
skills earned him the nickname The Trumpet.
Henry married his second wife, Dorothea Dandridge, in 1777.
They had eleven children, making his total number of offspring 17. Patrick
Henry died in 1799 at 63 years old.
Thanks for reading this blog. Come back to this space later
this month to read how the National Anthem music and words came together. The
music comes from a 1777 tune composed by an Englishman.
Visit my web site at www.joevlatino.com where you will find a writing sample and my book of short stories, “The Device”. The book is
available as an e-book from Amazon.
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